Various
Causes
for
Incomplete
Penetration
in
Welding - Penetration is the distance from base plate top surface to the, maximum extent of the weld nugget.
Various causes of incomplete penetration areas follow:
1. Improper joints. (For example, it is simpler to obtain full penetration in U joint as compared to J butt joint).
2. Too large root face.
3. Root gap too small.
4. Too small bevel angle.
5. Less arc current.
6. Faster arc travel speed.
7. Too small angle β (Normal β is 70-800).
8. Too large electrode diameter.
9. Longer arc length.
10. Incorrect polarity when welding with direct current.
11. Wrongly held electrode. It should be in the centre of the joint.
